Motivation is a useful concept despite that the impact of motivation,
job satisfaction or morale on performance are difficult to measure.
Content Theories : The best
way to motivate an employee is to find what his /her needs are and offer
him/her rewards that will satisfy those needs.
Maslow identified of
hierarchy of needs.
Herzberg identified two
basic needs system which are the need to avoid unpleasantness and the need
for personal growth. He also suggested factor such as Hygiene and Motivator
factors and those are offered by Organisation.
Herzberg suggested three
types of job design: Job Enrichment, Job Enlargement and Job Rotation
Job enlargement is attempt
to widen jobs . Job Enrichment represents
into greater levels of responsibility, challenge and autonomy/freedom. Job rotation is the planned transfer
from one job to another to task variety.
Process theory of motivation of help managers to understand
the dynamics of employees decision what rewards are worth going for.
Vrooms Expectancy theories
(Force=Valence x Expectancy) is which employee expects the results of his
effort to contribute to his personal needs.
McGregor Theory X and Y.
X means to force to do something they don’t willing to do work. and Y means
employee like the work.
Rewards may be Extrinsic
(External to the work) and Intrinsic (Arising from the work)
Feedback as a Motivator. Participation (in decision
making) as a Motivator. Participation
with 5Cs such as Certainty, Consistency, Clarity, Capacity, Commitment
Pay as a Motivator,
Performance Related Pay (PRP)
No comments:
Post a Comment